| Yellowfin surgeonfish | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Perciformes |
| Family: | Acanthuridae |
| Genus: | Acanthurus |
| Species: | A. xanthopterus |
| Binomial name | |
| Acanthurus xanthopterus (Valenciennes, 1835) |
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The Yellowfin surgeonfish or Cuvier's Surgeonfish is one of several marine fish that change color as they get older. This characteristic confused fish identification, and originally put the young and adults in different species. With the arrival of aquaria and later, coral reef aquaculture, specialists noticed the color transformation. Only recently have zoologists begun to understand their metamorphosis.
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It ranges in length to 70 centimeters (28 in). It has 8-9 dorsal spines, 25-27 dorsal soft rays, 3 anal spines, 23-25 anal soft rays, 16-24 anterior and 17-22 posterior gill rakers.[1]
Its body is purplish gray. It has a region of dull yellow in front of its eye. The outer 1/3 of its pectoral fin is yellow, the extreme distal part is hyaline. Its dorsal and anal fins are yellowish grey basally and dull yellow distally. Its caudal fin is purplish. Caudal spine small.[1]
It lives near coral reefs at depths ranging from 5–90 meters (16–300 ft). It's preferred temperatures are 24–28 °C (75–82 °F) in latitudes 30°N - 30°S. It ranges from East Africa to the Hawaiian Islands and French Polynesia, north to southern Japan, south to the Great Barrier Reef and New Caledonia. In the Eastern Pacific, from the lower Gulf of California and Clipperton Island to Panama and the Galapagos Islands.[1]
Juveniles inhabit shallow, protected, turbid inshore waters while adults prefer deeper areas of protected bays and lagoons.
It feeds on diatoms, detritus film of sand, filamentous algae, hydroids, and pieces of fish. It is probably the only surgeonfish that readily takes bait.[1]